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The Boeing 777 is a long-range wide-body twin-engine jet airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, the commercial business unit of Boeing. Commonly referred to as the "Triple Seven",[5] it is the largest twinjet.[6] The 777 can accommodate between 301 and 450 (Air Canada High Density) passengers in a three-class layout,[7] and has a range of 5,235 to 9,380 nautical miles (9,695 to 17,372 km), depending on the model. Developed in consultation with eight major airlines,[8] the 777 was designed to replace older wide-body airliners and bridge the capacity difference between the 767 and 747.
The 777 is produced in two fuselage lengths. The original 777-200 model first entered service in 1995, followed by the extended-range 777-200ER in 1997. [9] The stretched 777-300, which is 33.3 ft (10.1 m) longer, began service in 1998. The longer-range 777-300ER and 777-200LR variants entered service in 2004 and 2006, respectively, while a freighter version, the 777F, debuted in 2009.[9]
United Airlines first placed the 777 into commercial airline service in 1995. The most successful variant is the 777-300ER with 799 aircraft delivered and over 844 orders to date.[4] Emirates operates the largest 777 fleet with 148 aircraft.[4] FedEx Express operates the largest fleet of the 777F cargo aircraft. As of June 2019, 2,033 Boeing 777s, of all variants, have been ordered and 1,598 have been delivered.[10]
Model summary
United Airlines placed the launch order for the 777 program on October 14, 1990 when it purchased 34 Pratt & Whitney PW4084-powered 777-200s valued at US$11 billion with options on an additional 34.[11][12] The 777-200 entered into service with United Airlines on June 7, 1995 with its first flight from London Heathrow Airport to Dulles International Airport.[13] From day one, the 777 was awarded 180-minute ETOPS clearance by the Federal Aviation Administration, making it the first airliner to carry an ETOPS-180 clearance into service.[14] This would later be increased to 207 minutes by October 1996.note 1 British Airways placed the first model with General Electric GE90-77B engines into service on November 17, 1995.[15] The first Rolls-Royce Trent 877-powered aircraft was delivered to Thai Airways International on March 31, 1996, completing the introduction of the three power-plants initially developed for the airliner.[16]
Subsequent versions of the 777, including the 777-200ER, 777-200LR, 777-300, 777-300ER, 777F and the upcoming 777-8X and -9X, have been launched by Air France, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, and Pakistan International Airlines (PIA). The following table lists milestone dates for each model of the aircraft.[17]
In July 2009, Emirates surpassed Singapore Airlines as the biggest 777 operator, when the 78th aircraft was delivered.[18] Since 2010, Emirates is the largest Boeing 777 operator, with 152 aircraft;[19] the carrier began phasing out older −200s, −200ERs and −300s in February 2011,[20] but as of May 2011 has 47 additional −300ER orders scheduled for delivery.[4] Other primary operators are United Airlines (96), Qatar Airways (81), Air France (70), American Airlines (67), and Cathay Pacific (65). As of November 2011, 62 airline customers operated variants of the Boeing 777.
| Model | Launch order | Launch customer | Go-ahead | Rollout | Maiden flight | Certification | First Delivery | Service entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 777-200 | Oct 15, 1990 |  United Airlines | Oct 29, 1990 | Apr 9, 1994 | Jun 12, 1994 | Apr 19, 1995 | May 15, 1995 | Jun 7, 1995 |
| 777-200ER | Jun 14, 1991 |  British Airways | Oct 29, 1990 | Sep 3, 1996 | Oct 7, 1996 | Jan 17, 1997 | Feb 6, 1997 | Feb 9, 1997 |
| 777-200LR | Feb 27, 2000 |  Pakistan International Airlines | Feb 29, 2000 | Feb 15, 2005 | Mar 8, 2005 | Feb 2, 2006 | Feb 27, 2006 | Mar 3, 2006 |
| 777-300 | Jun 14, 1995 |  Cathay Pacific | Jun 26, 1995 | Sep 8, 1997 | Oct 16, 1997 | May 4, 1998 | May 21, 1998 | May 27, 1998 |
| 777-300ER | Mar 31, 2000 |  Air France | Feb 29, 2000 | Nov 14, 2002 | Feb 24, 2003 | Mar 16, 2004 | Apr 29, 2004 | May 10, 2004 |
| 777F | May 24, 2005 | Air France | May 24, 2005 | May 21, 2008 | Jul 14, 2008 | Feb 6, 2009 | Feb 19, 2009 | Feb 22, 2009 |
Current, former and future operators
The following table lists of active operators of the aircraft as of November 2023.[21]
| Legend | Notes |
|---|---|
| * | Current |
| * | Former |
| Orders |
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Government operators
| Operators[4] | 777-200 | 777-200ER | 777-200LR | 777-300 | 777-300ER | 777F | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Equatorial Guinea Govt | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1[27] |
 Indian Air Force | – | - | – | – | 2 | – | 2 |
 Indonesian Government (Leased from Garuda Indonesia) | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 |
 Japan Air Self-Defense Force | – | – | – | – | 2 | – | 2 |
 Presidential Flight UAE | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 2 |
 Saudi Royal Flight | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | 2 |
See also
References
- Footnotes
- ^ 180-minute ETOPS approval was granted to the General Electric GE90-powered 777 on October 3, 1996, and to the Rolls-Royce Trent 800-powered 777 on October 10, 1996.
- Citations
- ↑ "Boeing, Emirates Announce Order for 30 Boeing 777-300ERs". Boeing. July 19, 2010. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
- ↑ "Emirates Places Order for 42 Boeing 777s" (Press release). Boeing. November 29, 2010. Retrieved January 13, 2011.
- ↑ Boeing, Emirates Announce Historic Order for 50 777-300ERs Archived 2011-11-17 at the Wayback Machine
- 1 2 3 4 5 "777 Model Summary". Boeing. January 2019. Retrieved February 23, 2019.
- ↑ Robertson, David (March 13, 2009). "Workhorse jet has been huge success with airlines that want to cut costs". The Times. UK. Retrieved March 20, 2009.
- ↑ Grantham, Russell (February 29, 2008). "Delta's new Boeing 777 can fly farther, carry more". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on May 25, 2012. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
- ↑ "777 Interior Arrangements". Boeing. Retrieved January 12, 2011.
- ↑ Birtles 1998, pp. 13–16
- 1 2 "The Boeing 777 Program Background". Boeing. Archived from the original on June 8, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2011.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-08-23. Retrieved 2009-04-08.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ Norris & Wagner 1999, p. 132
- ↑ "Business Notes: Aircraft". Time. October 29, 1990. Archived from the original on November 18, 2007. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
- ↑ Birtles 1998, p. 80
- ↑ Norris & Wagner 1999, p. 139
- ↑ Norris & Wagner 1999, p. 143
- ↑ Eden 2008, p. 115
- ↑ "Boeing 777 Program Background". Boeing. Archived from the original on June 8, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ↑ "Emirates becomes largest Boeing 777 operator". Business Standard. July 31, 2009. Retrieved January 13, 2011.
- ↑ "World Airliner Census". Flight International, August 24–30, 2010.
- ↑ Kingsley-Jones, Max (June 22, 2010). "Emirates talks to Boeing about 777 successor and hints at more big orders". Flight International. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
- ↑ "Boeing 777 Operators List". www.planespotters.net. Retrieved 2019-05-06.
- ↑ aerotelegraph.com - "Austrian Airlines to receive 10 Boeing 787-9" (German) 19 April 2023
- ↑ "Media releases". Cargolux. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
- ↑ "Japan Airlines Retires All Domestic Boeing 777s". 5 April 2021.
- ↑ Jin Air to fly long haul
- ↑ Kulisch, Eric (20 July 2023). "Ocean carrier MSC adds 2nd cargo jet". FreightWaves.com. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ↑ Equatorial Guinea govt 777LR BBJ
- Bibliography
- Birtles, Philip (1998). Boeing 777, Jetliner for a New Century. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International. ISBN 0-7603-0581-1.
- Eden, Paul, ed. (2008). Civil Aircraft Today: The World's Most Successful Commercial Aircraft. London: Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84509-324-2.
- Norris, Guy; Mark Wagner (1999). Modern Boeing Jetliners. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint. ISBN 0-7603-0717-2.